Fig 1: isPTB placental tissue samples demonstrated increased isPTB signature gene expression.A. DKK1, IGFBP1, IGFBP2, and IGFBP6 localization the syncytiotrophoblast in the control term births with increased expression in isPTB samples. Images are taken at 40x magnification and scale bar = 50um. B. QPCR validation of the upregulation of DKK1, IGFBP1, IGFBP2, and IGFBP6 in isPTB vs TB samples. C. QPCR validation of hypermaturity signature genes TNC and C3 in isPTB vs TB samples. Student’s two-tailed T-test was utilized for statistical analyses and error bars represent standard deviation.